بررسی تأثیر عصاره و اسانس گیاه سنبله نقره‌ای (Stachys byzantina) در شرایط هم‌کِشتی هلیکوباکترپیلوری (Helicobacter pylori) با سلول‌های سرطان معده AGS بر زنده‌مانی سلول‌های سرطانی

Helicobacter pylori is one of the major causes of gastrointestinal ulcers and gastric cancer and plays a significant role in chronic gastric mucosal inflammation and the progression of ulcer-related diseases. After confirming the presence of H. pylori using urease and catalase tests, the methanolic extract and essential oil of the plant were obtained. Following the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of these compounds against the bacterial strain, the viability of AGS cells in co-culture with H. pylori was assessed using the MTT assay, and antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis, and all experiments were performed in triplicate with a significance level of p< 0.05. The agar well diffusion assay showed that the highest antimicrobial activity of the S. byzantina extract was observed at 40 mg/ml. MIC and MBC results demonstrated that the methanolic extract inhibited H. pylori growth at 25 mg/ml but did not exhibit a complete bactericidal effect, whereas the essential oil inhibited bacterial growth at 30 µl/ml and achieved complete eradication at 60 µl/ml. MTT assay results indicated that co-culture of H. pylori and AGS cells did not significantly affect AGS cell viability. In contrast, both the extract and essential oil of S. byzantina induced a significant, dose- and time-dependent reduction in AGS cell viability, with the essential oil showing stronger cytotoxic effects. Additionally, DPPH assay results revealed that the essential oil possessed considerable antioxidant activity.